The study of international relations encompasses a broad range of topics including the development and security of nations, diplomacy, foreign policy, cultural exchange, globalisation, terrorism and the relationship between states and non-state actors. It is a dynamic and evolving subject that is highly relevant to today’s increasingly interconnected world.
The concept of sovereign states governed by internationally agreed upon laws is at the heart of international relations. This is referred to as the Westphalian model and is seen as a fundamental aspect of peace and stability in the world. However, this model can be challenged by various theories of international relations.
International relations examines the way nations interact with each other through cooperative engagements or competitive rivalries. This includes the use of diplomatic strategies such as negotiations, treaty formations and alliances as well as a range of other tools including sanctions, military force and adjusting trade regulations. It is also concerned with the influence of history, culture and politics on a nation’s behaviour and goals in its interactions with other countries.
The field of international relations is also concerned with the role played by organisations such as the United Nations and NATO in fostering stability and cooperation. It also examines the impact of organisations such as NGOs on international relations. These organisations are able to influence the international arena by naming and shaming states for their actions through methods such as exposing human rights violations at the UN. For example, the decolonisation of former European colonial powers in India and Pakistan, the independence of Egypt and Indonesia from the British and French empires and the independence of most African nations from the British and French empires in 1957-63 had a significant impact on international relations.
About the Author
